Hernia is a protrusion of a tissue, structure, or part of an organ through the muscle tissue or the membrane by which it is normally contained.
The hernia has three parts:

• Orifice through which it herniates
• Hernial sac
• Contents.

Herniorrhaphy (Hernioplasty, Hernia repair) is a surgical procedure for correcting hernia .

Procedure:
Open "tension-free" repair technique is most commonly used that involves the placement of a synthetic mesh to strengthen the hernia region; some popular techniques include the Lichtenstein repair (flat mesh patch placed on top of the defect), Plug and Patch (mesh plug placed in the defect and covered by a Lichtenstein-type patch), Kugel (mesh device placed behind the defect), and Prolene Hernia System (2-layer mesh device placed over and behind the defect). This operation is called a hernioplasty'. The meshes used are typically made from polypropylene or polyester.

Length: 2 to 4 hours

Anesthesia: Local with sedation or general anesthesia

In/outpatient: Usually outpatient. Sometimes inpatient depending on type and length of procedure and patient's age.

Complications:
Complications are relatively uncommon.

Recovery:
Following the procedure, it is very important to limit activity. Within two to three weeks, all sutures are removed. Recovery is generally complete four or six weeks after surgery.